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Saturday, 26 April 2025

UN sounds alarm on scam expansion


Scam clampdown: A file photo showing a general view of Shwe Kokko city, a casino, entertainment and tourism complex, from Thailand’s side of the border. — Reuters

Cyber crime syndicates that run multi-billion-dollar scam operations across South-East Asia are still expanding despite recent law enforcement crackdowns, building links from Ireland to Mexico and reaching a potentially irreversible global spillover, the United Nations warned. 

The transnational criminal networks are infiltrating and scaling up in other parts of the world, particularly in the Pacific region, Africa, South America and South Asia, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime said in a report published on Monday.

They use trafficked workers from dozens of countries and are largely based in Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos.

The growth has been enabled by the rise of new, illicit online marketplaces, with such cryptocurrency-integrated platforms being used to launder money and connect illegal actors around the world, the agency said.

It noted that there are now “hundreds of large-scale scam operations conservatively generating tens of billions of dollars” in annual profits.

“The dispersal of these sophisticated criminal networks within areas of weakest governance has attracted new players, fuelled corruption, and enabled the industry to continue to scale,” the report said.

The spillover effect has seen criminal groups now “free to pick, choose, and move jurisdictions, operations, and value as needed, with the resulting situation rapidly outpacing the capacity of governments to contain it”.

Even as South-East Asian governments have stepped up crackdowns in recent months on scam compounds along shared land borders, the industrial-scale operations have simply adapted by moving to more remote locations within or beyond the region, or pivoting to online platforms. 

Another adaptation that has been noted across the region is the shift from land-based Internet connection to Starlink,” the report stated, referring to Elon Musk’s satellite internet provider.

That’s sometimes the result of operators moving to locations without online access or due to governments shutting down illegal cross-border connections, it added.

The UN agency estimated that countries in East and South-East Asia lost up to US$37bil to cyber fraud in 2023.

It said US authorities reported billions of dollars of losses the same year from crypto-related scams and “pig butchering” schemes, in which fraudsters gain the confidence of victims.

Crime syndicates in South-East Asia are also actively enhancing collaboration with other major criminal networks around the world, including South American drug cartels, the Italian mafia, and the Irish mob, according to the UN.

It cited the example of a network with Chinese links that helped Mexican drug cartels launder money and then resell those foreign currencies to overseas buyers within underground banking markets.

To scale the operations, the criminals also need hundreds of thousands of trafficked victims and complicit individuals to work in the scam compounds.

People from as many as 56 origin countries have been identified as victims in the UN report, with the majority constituting Asian and African nations.  — Bloomberg

... REPORTS. Femicides in 2023 · Submit to the 'My Voice matters in the Fight against Organized Crime' Zine · UNODC World Drug Report 2024. publications. Multimedia.
Missing: said ‎| Show results with: said


 

Wednesday, 23 April 2025

Water cut: Penangites urged to store up to two-and-half days supply as Penang braces for water supply interruption


GEORGE TOWN: Consumers in Penang affected by the scheduled water supply disruption starting this Friday are advised to store enough water for 24, 48, or 60 hours of use.

Penang Water Supply Corporation (PBAPP) chief executive officer Datuk K. Pathmanathan said 40 percent or 136,683 of the 341,708 consumer accounts in Seberang Perai Utara, Seberang Perai Tengah and Timur Laut District are expected to face a 24-hour supply disruption.

"The disruption is expected to last 48 hours for 163,502 consumer accounts in Seberang Perai Selatan, except for Kampung Sungai Baong, Kampung Wellesley, Taman Seruling Emas, Taman Widuri, Sungai Duri, and the Seberang Perai Prison Quarters Complex.

"A total of 41,523 users in all areas of the Barat Daya District, except for southern Balik Pulau neighbourhoods, Gertak Sanggul, Kampung Terang, Pulau Betong, and Sungai Ara, are expected to experience a 60-hour disruption until 10 pm on Sunday," he said.

PBAPP will deploy 80 water tankers and place 182 static tanks at strategic locations statewide as part of its relief plan during the disruption, he added.

Earlier, Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow said 341,708 consumer accounts in five districts in Penang will be affected by the scheduled water supply disruption from April 25 to 28.

This is due to the implementation of 23 projects costing RM25mil in total, aimed at improving supply services for around 465,000 consumers in areas served by the Sungai Dua Water Treatment Plant.

Meanwhile, Pathmanathan said structural works for all these projects are scheduled to be completed by 4 pm on Saturday, with restoration to start after final testing and commissioning, and once the treatment plant resumes operations.

"Water supply will be restored in phases, as delivery times from the Sungai Dua treatment plant will differ by location.

"In general, consumers located upstream and closer to Sungai Dua will receive water earlier than downstream consumers," he explained. - Bernama

Penang braces for water supply interruption


Workers dismantling the temporary platform for the construction of the RM8.7mil Sungai Perai River-Crossing Pipeline (SP–RCP) in Mak Mandin, Butterworth. — ZHAFARAN NASIB/The Star

DRINKS seller Mariah Mohd Darus considered disposing of her two large water containers after using them during the major water interruption in December 2023.

Luckily, she didn’t because from this Friday, most of Penang will face another water cut.

“The containers were taking up a lot of space, but fortunately I kept them.

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Vijay (right) checking out the large buckets on sale at Yong’s shop in Kampung Benggali, Butterworth. He plans to store enough water to last for at least three days.Vijay (right) checking out the large buckets on sale at Yong’s shop in Kampung Benggali, Butterworth. He plans to store enough water to last for at least three days.

“They’ll come in handy again as each container can hold enough water to last a day,” she said when met at her stall in Ampang Jajar, at Butterworth, Penang.

Each container, with a capacity of over 100 litres, will help Mariah continue her cooking and washing activities at the stall without major disruption to her business.

    She recalled that during the previous water cut, the containers, which were filled in advance, helped her stay operational.

    “During the last interruption, I stored water in these bins for cooking and washing.

    Chow (second from right) checking the progress of work on the pipeline diverted across the Ampang Jajar bridge on the river surface of Sungai Perai in Butteworth. — Courtesy of Buletin MutiaraChow (second from right) checking the progress of work on the pipeline diverted across the Ampang Jajar bridge on the river surface of Sungai Perai in Butteworth. — Courtesy of Buletin Mutiara

    “When they ran low, I refilled them using water supplied through tankers, since the cut lasted several days,” she said.

    Businessman N. Vijay, was among residents spotted shopping for a large water container to prepare for the scheduled water supply interruption.

    “I am looking for something large enough to sustain the daily water needs of five people in my household.

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    “During the previous water cut, I did not store enough and water in my tank ran out. It was a struggle,” said Vijay from Taman Riang, Butterworth.

    I have learned from that experience. Now, I plan to store enough water to last at least three days, just in case the situation drags on.

    “Not having water previously disrupted our daily routine - from cooking to bathing. I want to avoid going through the same stress again,” he said.

    Back-up plans

    In Kampung Benggali, Butterworth, a plasticware seller identified only as Yong, has seen a steady stream of customers in recent days.

    He said most of them were looking for storage containers ahead of the scheduled water supply interruption.

    “During the last water cut, people were buying buckets in a panic.

    “Some came in at the last minute and grabbed whatever sizes were left.

    “I sold over 100 buckets of various sizes within just a few days,” he recalled.

    Yong believes that many of those customers are now better prepared and likely reusing the containers they had bought previously.

    “This time around, although the rush is not as intense, I still have customers coming in every day. People seem more prepared,” he said, adding that there was no panic-buying this time around.

    Yong said bucket prices were based on capacity, with a 45-litre container priced at RM21, and larger 215-litre drums going for as much as RM250.

    “People usually go for the mid-sized ones, big enough to store water for a family but small enough to carry or move around,” he said, adding that sales are expected to pick up as the date approaches.

    While many residents are

    busy filling up buckets and containers, others have opted to go on holiday.

    One of them is bank manager Loke Wei Lynn, who plans to travel to Hatyai, Thailand, with her husband and their five-year-old daughter.

    “The timing actually works out well since it falls on a weekend, so we thought, why not turn it into a short family getaway?”

    The family said they welcome the chance to unwind and spend time together.

    “It’s a good opportunity as Hatyai is nearby and easy to get to,” she added.

    Affected accounts

    Pathmanathan says this will be the only scheduled water disruption in Penang this year.Pathmanathan says this will be the only scheduled water disruption in Penang this year.A total of 341,708 consumer accounts across all five districts in Penang will be affected by the scheduled water supply interruption from 10pm on April 25 to 10am on April 28.

    Penang Water Supply Corporation (PBAPP) will undertake 23 major waterwork projects at nine locations across the state during this period.

    The planned works include the final connection of the RM8.7mil Sungai Perai River-Crossing Pipeline (SP–RCP) in Mak Mandin, repair of a leaking 700mm pipeline and six pump house upgrading works at the Sungai Dua Water Treatment Plant (WTP) as well as the replacement of a faulty 1.2m valve at a pipeline in Jalan Pengkalan Tambang.

    The waterworks projects, aimed for completion within a span of 24 to 60 hours, will involve 800 PBAPP staff and 200 additional personnel from the Fire and Rescue Department, volunteers and local service centres.

    During this period, PBAPP will mobilise 80 mobile water tankers and 182 static water tanks at key locations.

    There will be 39 tankers and 95 tanks on the mainland, and 41 tankers and 87 tanks on the island.

    Priority will be given to 12 hospitals and 20 dialysis centres across the state.

    Infrastructure upgrades

    PBAPP chief executive officer Datuk K. Pathmanathan said the SP-RCP pipeline, with a 1.35m diameter, had the potential to channel 290% more treated water across the river than the two existing 600mm pipelines mounted on the bridge across Sungai Perai in Ampang Jajar.

    “The two existing 600mm pipelines spanning Sungai Perai are mounted on the bridge.

    “This bridge is built to safely bear the load of regular vehicular traffic and not the additional load of water pipelines.

    “The SP-RCP is mounted on its own supporting structure, about 3.31m above the high water level of Sungai Perai,” he said, adding that Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow had gone for a site inspection on Saturday.

    Pathmanathan said the works were part of a broader plan to upgrade water services for 465,000 consumers connected to the Sungai Dua WTP.

    “In 2024, PBAPP invested RM31mil to upgrade the maximum water treatment capacity of the Sungai Dua WTP to 1,342 million litres per day (MLD).

    “Now, PBAPP is investing an additional RM25mil into projects to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of supplying water from the Sungai Dua WTP.

    “The successful completion of these projects will allow PBAPP to pump more water at higher pressure to 66% of its customers in Penang.

    “These projects will also provide a more stable water supply and pressure, as well as facilitate faster water supply recovery from future scheduled and unscheduled water supply interruptions arising from mishaps in Penang,” he said.

    Pathmanathan said this would be the only planned water supply interruption by PBAPP in 2025.

    Scale of interruption

    According to PBAPP, the scale of water supply interruption will vary by location.

    A total of 43 areas in northeast district (DTL), two in southwest district (DBD), 54 in north Seberang Perai district (SPU) and 233 in central Seberang Perai district (SPT) will experience water supply interruption for 24 hours.

    Water supply for 27 areas in DBD and 221 areas in south Seberang Perai district (SPS) is expected to be restored within 48 hours.

    The remaining 16 areas in DBD and 13 areas in SPS will have their water supply restored fully within 60 hours.

    The duration of each area’s supply disruption will depend on its distance from the Sungai Dua WTP and its location within the water distribution network.

    Areas nearer to the plant will experience fewer days of water cut compared to those living in elevated or remote areas, particularly in SPS and DBD.

    Key industrial zones such as Bayan Lepas, Perai, Bukit Minyak, Batu Kawan and Penang International Airport are expected to have their water supply restored between 24 and 28 hours.

    PBAPP estimated that 40% (136,683 consumers) will have their supply restored within 24 hours, 88% (300,185 consumers) within 48 hours and all 341,708 consumers within 60 hours.

    For more information, see chart above, visit the PBAPP Facebook page or go to www.pba.com.my 

    Residents in Sri Bayu Apartment, Bayan Lepas, getting supply from a water tanker during a supply cut in January last year. — FilepicResidents in Sri Bayu Apartment, Bayan Lepas, getting supply from a water tanker during a supply cut in January last year. — Filepic

    Previous water woes

    On Dec 19, 2023, Penang was struck by an unscheduled water supply disruption, affecting about 200,000 consumers due to a burst underwater pipeline measuring 1.35m in diameter at the bottom of Sungai Perai.

    The leak sent water gushing on the surface of the river. Divers spent days fixing it.

    After three failed attempts to patch the leak until the end

    of January last year, it was decided that the pipe could not be repaired.

    A new 900mm pipe was constructed along the Ampang Jajar bridge to temporarily divert water across Sungai Perai.

    The mishap served as a catalyst for the SP-RCP project.

    From Jan 10 to 14 last year, about 590,000 consumers in Penang faced a water disruption due to urgent maintenance at the Sungai Dua WTP involving replacement of two leaking 1,200mm control valves.

    The shutdown also facilitated ancillary works at 22 other locations statewide.


    Tuesday, 22 April 2025

    US dollar’s monopoly in payments will soon be over

     

    Safe asset: US dollars being displayed at the Vietnam International Bank in Hanoi. The risk is rising that the greenback’s monopoly in payments is headed for the history books. — Reuters

    THE social-media video where Donald Trump’s artificial intelligence (AI) avatar is making Nike sneakers may be just a spoof on the United States president’s quixotic bid to re-industrialise America by eliminating bilateral trade deficits.

    But the meme contains a kernel of truth.

    The world’s farmers, fishermen, and factory workers labour hard to earn the US$100 bill that the US Federal Reserve (Fed) prints at no cost.

    This exalted status, which a French politician from the 1960s termed as the US dollar’s “exorbitant privilege,” has been taken to a breaking point by the tariff war.

    No matter what happens in the long run to the United States currency’s value or its role as a safe haven for central banks and private investors, one thing is clear: The greenback’s monopoly in payments, whereby it’s exchanged in 88% of all trades, is headed for the history books.

    A weekend trip to Vietnam brought that home to me.

    In Hoi An, a 15th-century trading port repurposed as a tourist attraction, tailors and shoemakers pay for visitors’ taxi rides to their shops and shell out commissions to hotels for directing guests their way.

    If they didn’t have to charge customers a 3% credit-card fee, they might be able to do more to nudge inveterate shoppers.

    For instance, they could raise their prices by 1% and still throw in a dinner voucher for high spenders – if they purchase one more linen shirt. The buyers will be richer, as will the sellers.

    The reason they can’t fund such sales promotions is the US dollar.

    Or, to be more precise, a financial architecture built around the idea that a payment made on a foreign credit or debit card must set off a chain of expensive activity underpinned by the greenback.

    For 18 major global currencies that settle without much friction, those costs are negligible.

    But for the Vietnamese dong, and most other Asian currencies, they’re a burden, which a highly competitive apparel and footwear industry working on tight margins can’t absorb.

    So it passes on all of it – and sometimes more – to a buyer who would much rather take the free meal.

    Take my example. To pay the tailor in Hoi An, my bank had to obtain the local currency, which doesn’t have a liquid market outside Vietnam.

    So my money most probably got converted into US dollars in Hong Kong. After reaching Vietnam, the funds got exchanged again into Vietnamese dong.

    Almost 40% of the greenback’s US$7.5 trillion daily turnover comes from its role as a vehicle of value. Neither the buyer nor the seller has any direct interest in it. Yet they can’t transact without it.

    Trump is aware of America’s special status: He has even threatened countries looking to come up with alternative global reserve currencies with 100% tariffs.

    A high-profile disengagement with the US dollar – for instance, when it comes to Saudi Arabia’s invoicing of its oil – may not go down well with Washington.

    What the White House can’t control, however, are low-profile shifts in the engine room of the payment industry.

    Even before Trump’s inauguration, I noted that the world of money was splintering into Western and Eastern blocs.

    The trade war may have accelerated the schism, though the separation is now more likely to be along a US/non-US axis than a West/East split.

    I can already pay a Thai merchant in baht from my Hong Kong bank account by scanning a QR code.

    Vietnam plans to establish similar connectivity with Singapore.

    These links are between commercial institutions, with third parties providing foreign-exchange services.

    However, some central banks in Europe are working with their counterparts in Asia to explore automated conversion using blockchain technology.

    If the pilots succeed, there may be no room for middlemen – software embedded in digital representations of fiat currencies will act as money changers.

    Ergo, there may be no need for the US dollar to act as a go-between in transactions that don’t involve Americans.

    This is just one of the many experiments underway to boost the efficiency of cross-border retail payments. They’re underpinned by US$800bil in remittances by overseas workers.

    And then there’s what tourists spend. In Asia, they’re staying 7.4 days on average, 1.3 days more than before the pandemic, according to Mastercard Inc’s latest data.

    For a small business in a lesser-known beach town competing against larger firms in more popular holiday destinations, each hour is valuable – and an expensive payment system an irritant.

    It has been tolerated so far because nothing cheaper was available, and Asian policymakers’ focus was on shipping goods to the United States, a much larger opportunity.

    But everything has changed since the April 2 reciprocal tariffs.

    Chinese President Xi Jinping was about to arrive in Vietnam just as I was leaving.

    Beijing has been pushing the so-called mBridge initiative in which financial institutions can swap digital currencies issued by their central banks to settle cross-border claims.

    If the Trump administration is going to upset friends and foes alike to pursue a chimerical vision of labour-intensive industrialisation, then it has to be prepared for geopolitical realignments, and an erosion of at least one form of America’s exorbitant privilege.

    Those who still view the US dollar as a relatively safe asset may want to hold it, as long as the United States remains the world’s predominant superpower.

    But for tourists buying shoes or shirts in Vietnam, the 3% extra charge on payments is an avoidable, anticlimactic loss after haggling for – and winning – a nice discount on the merchandise.

    Rather than incurring outsize fees to Visa Inc and its partner banks, a dinner at Hoi An’s Morning Glory restaurant seems like a fairer use of my money – while I wait for the last buttons to be sewed on. — Bloomberg

    -  Andy Mukherjee is a Bloomberg Opinion columnist covering industrial companies and financial services in Asia. The views expressed here are the writer’s own.

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    Monday, 21 April 2025

    A laughable American malaise, ignorance, Malays have no money

     

    The United States is the world’s biggest economy, but it also has leaders who are still geographically ignorant. Their understanding of South-east Asia and Asia is quite farcical.

    FIRST, US Vice-president JD Vance found himself being rebuked – for his disrespectful comments about “Chinese peasants”.

    In a recent interview, when speaking about the effects of the Trump Administration’s tariffs, he said the US “borrows money from Chinese peasants to buy the things those Chinese peasants manufacture.’’

    As expected, it earned a quick rebuttal from the Chinese Foreign Ministry while the Chinese social media set Vance on fire for his remarks.

    Then came Conservative talk show personality, Bill O’reilly, who arrogantly suggested that President Xi Jinping had wasted his time with his South-east Asian tour, which included Malaysia.

    In a typical display of haughtiness and ignorance, O’reilly claimed Xi was “wasting his time in South-east Asia because the Malays have no money.”

    We do not know if the 75-year-old newsman used the term “Malays” to refer to Malaysians in general, or to pinpoint the Malay-majority population of Malaysia, or even the broader ethnic group found across South-east Asia.

    But it is safe to assume that he had in mind the population of Malaysia. It also indicated his lack of knowledge of Malaysia’s diversity.

    Like many Americans, he has probably never set foot in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. His perception of Asians is probably based on Hollywood movies where the white man is always sweating away in noisy, crowded Asian market places, where, for some reason, everyone is using chopsticks.

    It doesn’t matter which Asian city it is, it is always chopsticks.

    To his feeble mind, we are just Third World people living in slums who can’t even afford our next meal.

    Well, is that a surprise? No. It has been reported that although the majority of Americans have travelled abroad at least once, a significant percentage (27%) have never left their country.

    The report said the degree of international travel experience varies widely among Americans, with only 11% having visited 10 or more foreign countries.

    So, it is very likely that the average American would not know what Asean is. They may know about Singapore or Thailand, but Malaysia could well be Mars for many.

    O’reilly’s remarks not only reflect a gross misunderstanding of South-east Asian geopolitics but also insults millions of Malaysians and their South-east Asian neighbours who have built vibrant, culturally rich, and economically growing nations.

    To reduce their global significance to mere economic labels is not only simplistic but also racially charged.

    I am proud of Malaysia. So are most of us. We take the trouble to explain the location of our small country to foreigners when we are abroad.

    The reality is that Malaysia is a middle-income country with a diversified economy that spans electronics, petroleum, palm oil, tourism, and increasingly, digital services.

    Malaysia is certainly not a “shit-hole country”, as Donald Trump infamously referred to African countries, Haiti and El Salvador in an interview in 2018.

    Malaysia’s economy grew by 5% in the fourth quarter of 2024, with a 5.4% growth recorded in the previous quarter.

    Overall, Malaysia’s economy grew at 5.1% (2023:3.6%) in 2024, with a value of RM1.93 trillion at current prices and RM1.65 trillion at constant prices.

    Gross national income per capita increased by 3.6% to RM54,894 from a marginal decrease of 0.2% (RM52,991) in 2023.

    Kuala Lumpur and Penang are home to a thriving tech scene and a growing number of start-ups, not to mention some of the tallest and most iconic buildings in the world.

    The Straits of Malacca remains one of the busiest shipping lanes on the planet, making it geopolitically indispensable.

    Our streets are safe. No one gets shot in schools. The metro stations are clean, bright and the trains run on time. No graffiti covers the walls of the stations.

    Our streets are not filled with homeless people and the zombie druggies found in many American cities. That’s Malaysia for you.

    To call Malays “poor” is not just misleading; it shows a lack of understanding of socio-economic dynamics and how wealth and development are measured.

    While challenges like rural poverty remain, as they do in the US, Malaysia has made remarkable progress in human development, infrastructure, and education.

    For O’reilly to suggest that Xi is merely “waiting” in South-east Asia implies that the region is a passive playground for global powers.

    Asean is made up of 10 member states – with Timor Leste coming in next – playing a critical but neutral role in regional security, economic integration, and multilateral diplomacy.

    Malaysia is clear about the US and China. Both are important trading partners. We will give an equally grand welcome to Trump if he comes to KL.

    In fact, Asean leaders are ready to travel to Washington DC to meet Trump to engage with him. But China is our neighbour. It’s just a four-hour flight from KL to Beijing, and from Kota Kinabalu to Hainan, it’s less than two hours. That’s how close we are to each other.

    Regular visitors would know how far China has advanced and how it has lifted its people out of poverty.

    The US, meanwhile, continues to lag behind in many sectors because it continues to think it is superior.

    China’s engagement in Asean is a strategic economic and diplomatic initiative aimed at expanding influence, often through soft power, trade, and infrastructure investment under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

    O’reilly’s condescending view of Southeast Asians is both analytically weak and morally offensive.

    As one report said: “O’reilly’s remarks are laced with cultural superiority. Such commentary doesn’t just diminish the credibility of the speaker – it also poisons public discourse with half-truths and prejudice.”

    O’reilly really should get off his moral high horse, especially since he is someone who has faced - and settled – multi-million-dollar sexual harassment suits with at least six women. It reportedly totalled Us$45mil (Rm198.3mil).

    The hilarity of it all was highlighted by one “Rep Jack Kimble”, who had the world in stitches when he tweeted that “we aren’t the only beef supplier in the world, but China isn’t the only huge country either.

    “If they’re going to pivot from us, we should do the same and start selling more of our beef to India.’’

    He then went on to follow up with: “Okay, I may have misspoken. It seems exporting beef to India is going to be tough with certain Hindu beliefs.

    “However, instead of selling our cattle that way, what if we ransomed them off? How much would India pay if we’d let it go?”

    This “Republican Congressman” is fictional and the account is fake but his remarks cleverly parodied the attitude of people like O’reilly, who is not just ignorant but also obnoxious.

    And we all remember Pete Hegseth, the Defence Secretary, who was stumped when asked about Asean during his confirmation hearing in Senate in January. He could not name a single member country of Asean.

    That kind of ignorance would be downright comical, if it weren’t so serious.

    By Wong Chun WAI chunwai09@gmail.com A veteran journalist, Datuk Seri Wong Chun Wai is currently the chairman of Bernama. The views expressed here are solely the writer’s own.

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